SmartPOS: A Web-Based Point-of-Sale and Inventory Management System

Small retail shops such as mini-marts often record sales and stock manually or in disconnected spreadsheets, which makes it difficult to know current stock levels, track daily sales, or stop a cashier from selling an item that is already out of stock. SmartPOS is a web based Point-of-Sale and Inventory Management System built with Python, Flask, and MySQL that lets an Admin manage products and view sales reports, a Cashier process sales at checkout, and a Customer hold a simple account to view their own purchase history. The system applies Object-Oriented Programming through a layered architecture that separates domain models, business services, and database repositories. Core features include role-based authentication, product and stock management, a sales/checkout workflow that automatically updates inventory, product search, and a sales report page. Given a 5-week development window, the team will build the minimum required features first and treat extras such as discounts and customer accounts as optional stretch goals. The expected output is a working Flask application backed by a MySQL database, supported by test cases and a live demonstration of a full sale transaction.

FitTrack — Web-Based Gym Management, From Member Sign-Up to Self-Service

Many gyms still manage member information, memberships, attendance, and trainer scheduling using paper records or disconnected spreadsheets. This slows down daily operations, increases the chance of data-entry errors, and makes it difficult for staff to quickly check a member's status or history. This proposal presents the design of the Gym Management System (GMS), a web-based application built with Python, Flask, and MySQL that centralizes member registration, online membership purchase, attendance logging, trainer-session booking, and payment tracking within a single role-based platform. Visitors can browse membership plans and trainers freely; creating an account is only required to purchase a membership or request a trainer. The system supports four roles (Administrator, Staff, Trainer, and Member) each governed by a role-and-permission model that restricts every user to the features relevant to their responsibilities. Members log in to their own self-service dashboard to view their current membership plan and expiry date, their assigned trainer, their attendance history, and the total amount they have spent on membership and trainer sessions. The application is built on a three-layer object-oriented architecture (Domain Models, Service Layer, and Repository Layer) on top of a normalized MySQL database, keeping the codebase testable, maintainable, and easy to extend. This document sets out the problem the system addresses, its objectives and scope, its target users and stakeholders, its proposed features, its object-oriented and database design, and the timeline the team will follow to deliver it.

Gym Membership management System

Many small and medium-sized gyms still manage members using paper forms, spreadsheets, and manual payment records. These methods can take time, cause data entry mistakes, and make it difficult for staff to know whether a member is active or has expired. This project proposes a Gym Membership Management System to make these tasks easier and more organized. The system will be a web application developed using Python, Flask, and MySQL, with Object-Oriented Programming principles. It will provide separate access for Admin, Staff, Trainer, and Member users. Admin and Staff can manage members, membership plans, payments, and attendance. Trainers can view assigned members and training sessions, while Members can view their own membership, payment, and attendance information. The system will also provide search, filtering, expiry status, and simple reports such as daily revenue and membership status. The application will use a four-layer structure: Model, Repository, Service, and Route. Development will follow five two-week sprints, with testing performed during development. The expected result is a working prototype that reduces manual work, keeps records organized, improves membership checking, and provides a clear way to manage gym information in one system.

ADVANCED OOP — R&D PROJECT PROPOSAL INTERACTIVE QUIZ ENGINE

This research and development project proposal presents the design, architecture, and implementation strategy for the Interactive Quiz Engine, a web-based educational assessment platform built with Python, Flask, and MySQL. Educational institutions frequently suffer from feedback delays caused by manual test grading, non-reusable assessment materials, and fragmented student tracking across spreadsheets and paper records. The Interactive Quiz Engine directly addresses these inefficiencies by introducing a multi-format quiz creation tool, automated evaluation pipelines for objective question types, and centralized attempt history tracking. By leveraging core Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) principles—specifically polymorphism, encapsulation, and layered repository design—the engine cleanly separates core business logic (e.g., dynamic answer evaluation) from data persistence and interface routing. The software enables educators to author quizzes containing Multiple Choice (MCQ), True/False, and Short Answer questions within minutes, while providing students with instant score feedback upon submission. Expected project outcomes include a operational 5-layered Flask/MySQL web application, complete automated test suites, dynamic class performance reporting, and comprehensive architectural documentation suitable for academic defense.

Vehicle Inventory and Sales Management System for SMEs

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) that sell vehicles need an effective way to manage vehicle inventory and sales records. Some businesses may use manual records, spreadsheets, or separate files to manage their daily operations. This can make it difficult to track available and sold vehicles, record stock movements, manage sales, and retrieve important information. This project proposes the development of a web-based Vehicle Inventory and Sales Management System for SMEs. The system will help users manage vehicle inventory, stock movements, customers, sales, and invoices in one centralized system. It will also include Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) to control user access based on their roles. The system will be developed using Python and Flask, with MySQL as the database. Object-Oriented Programming principles will be applied by organizing the system into domain models, services, repositories, and routes. The expected result is a functional and well-organized web-based system that helps SMEs manage vehicle inventory and sales operations more efficiently.

Design and Development of Retail POS and Inventory Management System Using PyQt6 and SQLite3

Small retail businesses often face difficulties in managing products, inventory, sales transactions, and sales records efficiently when using manual or paper-based methods. These methods may result in inaccurate inventory records, calculation errors, and difficulties in tracking sales information. This project aims to design and develop a desktop-based Retail Point of Sale (POS) and Inventory Management System to improve the management of retail operations. The system is developed using PyQt6 for the graphical user interface and SQLite3 for local database management. The Research and Development (R&D) approach is applied to identify system requirements, design the system architecture and database, develop the user interface and core functions, and plan system testing. The proposed system includes product management, inventory management, sales transactions, search functionality, stock monitoring, tax and discount calculation, and sales reporting. The system is expected to provide a simple and efficient solution for managing retail products, inventory, and sales while reducing manual work and improving data accuracy.

មេរៀនទី១៖ សេចក្ដីផ្ដើមអំពីការស្រាវជ្រាវ ការអភិវឌ្ឍកម្មវិធី និង R&D

នៅក្នុងការសិក្សាកម្រិតឧត្តមសិក្សា និស្សិតមិនគួររៀនត្រឹមតែទ្រឹស្តី ឬចេះប្រើបច្ចេកវិទ្យាដែលមានស្រាប់ប៉ុណ្ណោះទេ។ និស្សិតគួរត្រូវបានបណ្តុះបណ្តាលឱ្យមានសមត្ថភាព សង្កេតបញ្ហា កំណត់សំណួរ ស្វែងរកភស្តុតាង បង្កើតដំណោះស្រាយ និងវាយតម្លៃលទ្ធផល។ ដំណើរការនេះអាចកើតឡើងតាមរយៈការស្រាវជ្រាវ (Research) ការអភិវឌ្ឍកម្មវិធី (Software Development) ឬការរួមបញ្ចូលទាំងពីរជា Research and Development (R&D)។ មេរៀនទី ១ នេះ ណែនាំនិស្សិតឱ្យយល់ច្បាស់ពីភាពខុសគ្នា និងទំនាក់ទំនងរវាងវិធីសាស្ត្រទាំងបី ព្រមទាំងជួយឱ្យនិស្សិតចាប់ផ្តើមគិតអំពីបញ្ហាជាក់ស្តែងដែលអាចយកមកធ្វើជា Research Project, Software Project ឬ Integrated R&D Project។ ក្នុងវគ្គសិក្សានេះ និស្សិតនឹងបន្តពីការកំណត់ប្រធានបទ រហូតដល់ Research/R&D Proposal, Proposal Defense, Implementation, Evaluation, Final Report និង Final Defense។

លំហាត់មេរៀនទី៥៖ Factory Method and Abstract Factory

លំហាត់មេរៀនទី ៥ ផ្ដោតលើ Factory Method និង Abstract Factory ដើម្បីឱ្យនិស្សិតយល់ពីការបំបែក Object Creation ចេញពី Client Code និង Business Logic។ និស្សិតរៀនពី Direct Object Creation Problem, Simple Factory, @classmethod ជា Alternative Constructor, Registry-Based Factory, Factory Method និង Abstract Factory សម្រាប់បង្កើត Concrete Objects ឬ Product Families តាម Runtime Requirement និង Configuration។ ក្នុងការអនុវត្ត និស្សិតបង្កើត NotifierFactory, UserFactory, Report Creators និង Light/Dark UI Factories ហើយភ្ជាប់ Factory ជាមួយ Protocol, Open/Closed Principle និង Dependency Injection ដើម្បីកាត់បន្ថយ Coupling និងធ្វើឱ្យប្រព័ន្ធងាយសាកល្បង និងងាយពង្រីក។ សរុបមក មេរៀននេះជួយឱ្យនិស្សិតយល់ថា Factory Pattern មានប្រយោជន៍នៅពេល Object Creation មាន Concrete Implementations ច្រើន ឬត្រូវជ្រើសរើសតាម Runtime ដោយរក្សា Architecture ឱ្យមានភាពបត់បែន និងមានរចនាសម្ព័ន្ធច្បាស់។

Blockchain Proof of Origin: Can Blockchain Create a Premium Market for Cambodian Agricultural Exports?

The integration of blockchain technology in agricultural supply chains presents a transformative solution to chronic issues of trust and traceability. As for Cambodian high-value exports such as aromatic rice and Kampot pepper, which are currently facing quality assurance issues, blockchain-enabled proof of origin offers an effective solution to validate authenticity, geographic provenance, and ethical manufacturing. This paper advocates for the strategic adoption of blockchain-based traceability as a critical lever to transition Cambodia’s agricultural sector from a competition-driven commodity market to a value-driven premium export economy. We believe that by systematically addressing the information asymmetry, which is the information gaps common in global food supply chains, blockchain can help Cambodian farmers secure greater value for their distinctive products, restore worldwide consumer confidence after the food safety crisis, and build a formidable reputation for integrity in the international market. To support this case, the paper will synthesize existing literature on blockchain’s application in agricultural food systems and exports, and the economic traceability. By analyzing the specific opportunities and constraints within the Cambodian context and proposing a result and future work of this case.

Online Examination System: A Role-Based Web Platform for Secure and Efficient Assessments

This proposal presents the research and development plan for a Secure Online Examination System whose central technical contribution is a normalized, PostgreSQL-based Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) authorization architecture, expressed through an object-oriented, composition-driven domain model in Python. Rather than treating the examination system itself as the object of study, this proposal treats it strictly as an application context: a realistic environment in which a rigorous, reusable RBAC database design can be demonstrated, justified, and evaluated. The central academic argument of this proposal is: A normalized PostgreSQL RBAC database combined with an object-oriented, composition-based authorization model can provide a flexible, maintainable, and secure authorization foundation for an Online Examination System. This argument is developed through five interlocking contributions: (1) a five-table relational RBAC schema built around users, roles, permissions, and two junction tables; (2) a full entity-relationship analysis with normalization justification; (3) PostgreSQL data definition language (DDL) and representative seed data; (4) a layered Flask application architecture in which authorization logic is abstracted away from route handlers through an RBAC service and repository; and (5) a Python object-oriented domain model that favors composition of Role and Permission collections over subclassing of User. The proposal further specifies a security analysis, a use-case walkthrough, a unit-testing plan, and a twelve-week development timeline, all oriented around RBAC as the primary deliverable. Throughout, functional aspects of the examination system that are not required to demonstrate RBAC — grading logic, proctoring, and user-interface design — are deliberately kept out of scope, so that the proposal maintains a single, sustained technical focus.

ReanMate. An AI Turtor and Private classroom.

ReanMate is an AI-powered learning platform for people in Cambodia. The intended Minimum Viable Product (MVP) features teachers setting up private classes, inviting students to join online via a join code, uploading PDFs and videos to the class, enabling the creation of assignments and quizzes, and managing each class's student usage of AI assistance. Furthermore, students are able to enroll in authorized courses, view lessons created by the teacher, complete assignments and quizzes, and use AI tools to ask questions or get answers from lessons, quizzes, and assignments, all based on the teachers' uploaded content. This system is engineered to provide Khmer, English, or mixed-language questions, and to indicate the source(s) and the pages in which each AI answer is generated. This project illustrates advanced object-oriented programming concepts, such as: classes, service classes, repository classes, validation, composition and separation of responsibility. It shows the structure of a procedural system which allows to decouple routes/controllers, business services, repositories, models, templates, and database access together. Users, classes, memberships, lessons, videos, documents, assignments, conversations, messages, sources, practice questions and AI usage records are stored in a MySQL DB. The AI workflow involves processing, chunking, embedding retrieval of the PDFs by page along with a grounded prompt that asks the OpenAI API or Gemini for an answer.

Institute For International Studies and Public Policy

IISPP is to become a leading institution and a center of excellence contributing to academic scholarship and research on Cambodia, Asia, the world and their interfaces.